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Seeking answers
It can feel daunting to admit that something feels different, but getting answers isn’t just figuring out what’s happening; it’s finding out what you can do next to start feeling like yourself again.

What to expect from an evaluation
An evaluation often starts with a conversation about your health history. Your provider may ask about your symptoms, medicines, sleep, pain, mood, memory, and daily life. They may also do a physical exam or mental health screening. These steps can help rule out other health issues, such as infections, thyroid problems, or medicine side effects.
With your permission, your provider may also talk with a family member or caregiver. They may have noticed changes that are hard for you to see yourself. If more information is needed, your provider may recommend lab tests, memory testing, brain imaging, or a visit with a specialist.
Different conditions have different evaluation processes
There is no single test for every mental health or memory concern. Your provider will choose the right questions, screenings, or tests based on what you are experiencing.
Below are some common conditions and what an evaluation can include.
Anxiety
Anxiety is assessed by exploring worry, panic, avoidance, sleep, and physical symptoms—while also ruling out medical conditions that can mimic it. You may be asked to fill out an anxiety screener, which measures the level of your anxiety and how this has impacted your life over the last two weeks.
Depression
In older adults, depression may show up as fatigue, apathy, irritability, pain, memory concerns, or social withdrawal rather than sadness. Your provider may ask you to answer a short set of questions. These questions help show how depression may be affecting your daily life.
Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)
MCI is diagnosed when cognitive tests show a mild decline, but the person can still manage most daily tasks. Cognitive screening tools are commonly used, with more detailed testing if needed.
Dementia
Screeners that evaluate independence and daily quality of life are often used to diagnose dementia. If Alzheimer’s is suspected, biomarkers or brain imaging may help confirm the cause of the dementia.
Bipolar disorder
Diagnosing bipolar disorder involves finding patterns of very high energy or mood and depression—along with a thorough review of personal and family history. In older adults, symptoms of bipolar disorder can mimic dementia, depression, or medication side effects, making input from family or caregivers especially valuable in the diagnostic process. If mood symptoms start late or shift suddenly, providers may also evaluate for other health or brain-related conditions.
Substance use
Substance use disorder is diagnosed through a clinical conversation about alcohol, prescription medications, like sleep or pain medications, or other substances—and how they impact health, mood, memory, safety, and daily life.
Since substance use can mimic or worsen cognitive and emotional symptoms, the assessment often includes a medication review and screening for withdrawal or overdose risk. Older adults may need private, direct questions and compassionate care, as misuse is often overlooked in this age group.
If, after these steps, a diagnosis still isn't clear, follow-up visits, repeat assessments, or referrals to specialists such as geriatrics, psychiatry, neurology, or a memory clinic are often recommended.
More than a diagnosis
During an evaluation, your doctor should ask about when your symptoms started and if they’ve gotten worse over time. They’ll help you identify related triggers, possible medication interactions or side effects, if substance use, sleep, or pain are a factor, and how these symptoms affect daily life.
Once you receive a diagnosis, it’s important to seek help so that the condition’s influence on your independence, daily life and enjoyment is addressed. You deserve more than a diagnosis; you deserve a plan to get you back to living your life.
Common questions about getting a diagnosis later in life
Here are some common questions about evaluation processes for mental health and cognitive conditions and signs in older adults, but feel free to call us anytime to talk over anything on your mind.
Other Resources
Want more information? Check out our related resources.


You can feel like yourself again sooner than you might think
Whether you or someone you care for has been feeling or acting differently lately, you don’t have to face it alone. Author Health can help you find out what’s causing the changes you’re experiencing and find solutions so you can feel your best.


















